How do subtractive combinations like IV and IX work?

When a smaller-value symbol appears before a larger one, it is subtracted rather than added, so IV means 4 and IX means 9.

What's the largest number I can convert?

This tool supports numbers from 1 to 3999, the standard range for Roman numerals without extended notation.

Roman Numeral Converter

Convert between numbers and Roman numerals instantly

Enter Number (1-3999)

What is a Roman Numeral Converter?

Roman numerals are a number system from ancient Rome that uses letters — I, V, X, L, C, D and M — to represent values. This converter translates any whole number from 1 to 3999 into Roman numerals, and can also convert Roman numerals back into ordinary numbers.

How to Use the Roman Numeral Converter

Choose a direction — "Number → Roman" or "Roman → Number".
Type your input — a number from 1–3999, or a Roman numeral like MMXXIV.
Read the converted result, which updates instantly as you type.

Roman Numeral Chart

Symbol	Value
I	1
V	5
X	10
L	50
C	100
D	500
M	1000

Roman numerals have no symbol for zero and cannot represent numbers above 3999 in standard notation, which is why this tool is limited to that range.

Frequently Asked Questions

When a smaller-value symbol appears before a larger one, it's subtracted rather than added — so IV means 5 − 1 = 4, and IX means 10 − 1 = 9. This keeps numerals from repeating a symbol more than three times in a row.

This tool supports numbers from 1 to 3999 (MMMCMXCIX), which is the standard range for Roman numerals without special extended notation.